gre-Lingua. Descriptores Marco Común Europeo

© Council of Europe

English -- Descriptores Generales -- A2

Nivel	Actividad o Competencia	Tipo de comunicación	Destreza	Descriptor
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Overall oral comprehension	Can understand phrases and expressions related to areas of most immediate priority (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment), provided people articulate clearly and slowly.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding conversation between other people	Can follow in outline short, simple social exchanges, conducted very slowly and clearly.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding as a member of a live audience	Can follow a very simple, well-structured presentation or demonstration, provided it is illustrated with slides, concrete examples or diagrams, it is delivered slowly and clearly with repetition, and the topic is familiar.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding as a member of a live audience	Can understand the outline of simple information given in a predictable situation, such as on a guided tour (e.g. “This is where the President lives”).
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding announcements and instructions	Can catch the main point in short, clear, simple messages and announcements.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding announcements and instructions	Can understand simple directions on how to get from X to Y, by foot or public transport.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding announcements and instructions	Can understand basic instructions on times, dates and numbers, etc., and on routine tasks and assignments to be carried out.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding audio (or signed) media and recordings	Can understand and extract the essential information from short, recorded passages dealing with predictable everyday matters which are delivered slowly and clearly.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding audio (or signed) media and recordings	Can extract important information from short broadcasts (e.g. the weather forecast, concert announcements, sports results), provided people talk clearly.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral comprehension	Understanding audio (or signed) media and recordings	Can understand the important points of a story and manage to follow the plot, provided the story is told slowly and clearly.
A2	Communicative language activities	Audio-visual comprehension	Watching TV, film and video	Can follow changes of topic of factual TV news items, and form an idea of the main content.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Overall reading comprehension	Can understand short, simple texts containing the highest frequency vocabulary, including a proportion of shared international vocabulary items.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading correspondence	Can understand short, simple personal letters.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading correspondence	Can understand very simple formal e-mails and letters (e.g. confirmation of a booking or online purchase).
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for orientation	Can find specific, predictable information in simple everyday material such as advertisements, prospectuses, menus, reference lists and timetables.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for orientation	Can locate specific information in lists and isolate the information required (e.g. use the Yellow Pages to find a service or tradesman).
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for orientation	Can understand everyday signs and notices, etc. in public places, such as streets, restaurants, railway stations; in workplaces, such as directions, instructions, hazard warnings.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for information and argument	Can understand texts describing people, places, everyday life and culture, etc., provided they use simple language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for information and argument	Can understand information given in illustrated brochures and maps (e.g. the principal attractions of a city).
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for information and argument	Can understand the main points in short news items on subjects of personal interest (e.g. sport, celebrities).
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for information and argument	Can understand a short factual description or report within their own field, provided simple language is used and that it does not contain unpredictable detail.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading for information and argument	Can understand most of what people say about themselves in a personal ad or post and what they say they like in other people.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading instructions	Can understand simple instructions on equipment encountered in everyday life – such as a public telephone.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading instructions	Can understand simple, brief instructions, provided they are illustrated and not presented in continuous text.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading instructions	Can understand instructions on medicine labels expressed as a simple command (e.g. “Take before meals” or “Do not take if driving”).
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading instructions	Can follow a simple recipe, especially if there are pictures to illustrate the most important steps.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading as a leisure activity	Can understand short narratives and descriptions of someone’s life composed in simple language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading as a leisure activity	Can understand what is happening in a photo story (e.g. in a lifestyle magazine) and form an impression of what the characters are like.
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading as a leisure activity	Can understand much of the information provided in a short description of a person (e.g. a celebrity).
A2	Communicative language activities	Reading comprehension	Reading as a leisure activity	Can understand the main point of a short article reporting an event that follows a predictable pattern (e.g. the Oscars), provided it is composed clearly in simple language.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Identifying cues and inferring (spoken, signed and written)	Can exploit format, appearance and typographic features in order to identify the type of text: news story, promotional text, article, textbook, chat or forum, etc.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Identifying cues and inferring (spoken, signed and written)	Can exploit numbers, dates, names, proper nouns, etc. to identify the topic of a text.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Identifying cues and inferring (spoken, signed and written)	Can deduce the meaning and function of unknown formulaic expressions from their position in a text (e.g. at the beginning or end of a letter).
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Overall oral production	Can give a simple description or presentation of people, living or working conditions, daily routines. likes/dislikes, etc. as a short series of simple phrases and sentences linked into a list.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Sustained monologue: describing experience	Can describe their family, living conditions, educational background, present or most recent job.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Sustained monologue: describing experience	Can describe people, places and possessions in simple terms.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Sustained monologue: describing experience	Can express what they are good at and not so good at (e.g. sports, games, skills, subjects).
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Sustained monologue: describing experience	Can briefly describe what they plan to do at the weekend or during the holidays.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Sustained monologue: giving information	Can give simple directions on how to get from X to Y, using basic expressions such as “turn right” and “go straight” along with sequential connectors such as “first”, “then” and “next”.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Sustained monologue: putting a case (e.g. in a debate)	Can present their opinion in simple terms, provided interlocutors are patient.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Public announcements	Can deliver very short, rehearsed announcements of predictable, learnt content which are intelligible to recipients who are prepared to concentrate.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Addressing audiences	Can give a short, rehearsed, basic presentation on a familiar subject.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral production	Addressing audiences	Can answer straightforward follow-up questions if they can ask for repetition and if some help with the formulation of their reply is possible.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written production	Overall written production	Can produce a series of simple phrases and sentences linked with simple connectors like “and”, “but” and “because”.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written production	Creative writing	Can produce a series of simple phrases and sentences about their family, living conditions, educational background, or present or most recent job.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written production	Creative writing	Can create short, simple imaginary biographies and simple poems about people.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written production	Creative writing	Can create diary entries that describe activities (e.g. daily routine, outings, sports, hobbies), people and places, using basic, concrete vocabulary and simple phrases and sentences with simple connectives like “and”, “but” and “because”.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written production	Creative writing	Can compose an introduction to a story or continue a story, provided they can consult a dictionary and references (e.g. tables of verb tenses in a course book).
A2	Communicative language activities	Written production	Reports and essays	Can produce simple texts on familiar subjects of interest, linking sentences with connectors like “and”, “because” or “then”.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written production	Reports and essays	Can give their impressions and opinions about topics of personal interest (e.g. lifestyles and culture, stories), using basic everyday vocabulary and expressions.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Planning	Can recall and rehearse an appropriate set of phrases from their repertoire.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Compensating	Can identify what they mean by pointing to it (e.g. “I’d like this, please”).
A2	Communicative language strategies		Monitoring and repair	No descriptors available
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Overall oral interaction	Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters to do with work and free time. Can handle very short social exchanges but is rarely able to understand enough to keep conversation going of their own accord.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Understanding an interlocutor	Can understand what is said clearly, slowly and directly to them in simple everyday conversation; can be made to understand, if the interlocutor can take the trouble.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Conversation	Can handle very short social exchanges but is rarely able to understand enough to keep conversation going of their own accord, though they can be made to understand if the interlocutor will take the trouble.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Conversation	Can use simple, everyday, polite forms of greeting and address.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Conversation	Can converse in simple language with peers, colleagues or members of a host family, asking questions and understanding answers relating to most routine matters.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Conversation	Can make and respond to invitations, suggestions and apologies.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Conversation	Can express how they are feeling, using very basic stock expressions.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Conversation	Can state what they like and dislike.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Informal discussion (with friends)	Can discuss everyday practical issues in a simple way when addressed clearly, slowly and directly.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Informal discussion (with friends)	Can discuss what to do, where to go and make arrangements to meet.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Informal discussion (with friends)	Can express opinions in a limited way.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Formal discussion (meetings)	Can express what they think about things when addressed directly in a formal meeting, provided they can ask for repetition of key points if necessary.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Goal-oriented co-operation (cooking together, discussing a document, organising an event, etc.)	Can indicate when they are following and can be made to understand what is necessary, if the interlocutor takes the trouble.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Goal-oriented co-operation (cooking together, discussing a document, organising an event, etc.)	Can communicate in simple and routine tasks using simple phrases to ask for and provide things, to get simple information and to discuss what to do next.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can ask for and provide everyday goods and services.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can get simple information about travel, use public transport (e.g. buses, trains, taxis), ask and give directions, and buy tickets.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can ask about things and make simple transactions in shops, post offices or banks.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can give and receive information about quantities, numbers, prices, etc.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can make simple purchases by stating what is wanted and asking the price.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can order a meal.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can point out when something is wrong (e.g. “The food is cold” or “There is no light in my room”).
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Obtaining goods and services	Can ask (face-to-face) for a medical appointment and understand the reply. Can indicate the nature of a problem to a health professional, perhaps using gestures and body language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Information exchange	Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Information exchange	Can exchange limited information on familiar and routine operational matters.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Information exchange	Can ask and answer questions about what they do at work and in their free time.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Information exchange	Can ask for and give directions referring to a map or plan.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Information exchange	Can ask for and provide personal information.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Information exchange	Can ask and answer simple questions about an event (e.g. ask where and when it took place, who was there and what it was like).
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Interviewing and being interviewed	Can answer simple questions and respond to simple statements in an interview.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Interviewing and being interviewed	Can indicate in simple language the nature of a problem to a health professional, perhaps using gestures and body language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Using telecommunications	Can, given repetition and clarifications, participate in a short, simple phone conversation with a known person on a predictable topic, e.g. arrival times, arrangements to meet.
A2	Communicative language activities	Oral interaction	Using telecommunications	Can understand a simple message (e.g. “My flight is late. I will arrive at ten o’clock.”), confirm details of the message and pass it on by phone to other people concerned.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written interaction	Overall written interaction	Can compose short, simple formulaic notes relating to matters in areas of immediate need.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written interaction	Correspondence	Can convey personal information of a routine nature, for example in a short e-mail or letter introducing themselves.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written interaction	Correspondence	Can compose very simple personal letters expressing thanks and apology.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written interaction	Correspondence	Can compose short, simple notes, e-mails and text messages (e.g. to send or reply to an invitation, to confirm or change an arrangement).
A2	Communicative language activities	Written interaction	Correspondence	Can compose a short text in a greetings card (e.g. for someone’s birthday or to wish them a Happy New Year).
A2	Communicative language activities	Written interaction	Notes, messages and forms	Can formulate short, simple notes and messages relating to matters in areas of immediate need.
A2	Communicative language activities	Written interaction	Notes, messages and forms	Can fill in personal and other details on most everyday forms (e.g. to open a bank account, or to send a letter by recorded delivery).
A2	Communicative language activities	Online interaction	Online conversation and discussion	Can engage in basic social communication online (e.g. a simple message on a virtual card for special occasions, sharing news and making/confirming arrangements to meet).
A2	Communicative language activities	Online interaction	Online conversation and discussion	Can make brief positive or negative comments online about embedded links and media using a repertoire of basic language, though they will generally have to refer to an online translation tool and other resources.
A2	Communicative language activities	Online interaction	Goal-oriented online transactions and collaboration	Can make simple online transactions (e.g. ordering goods or enrolling in a course) by filling in an online form or questionnaire, providing personal details and confirming acceptance of terms and conditions, declining extra services, etc.
A2	Communicative language activities	Online interaction	Goal-oriented online transactions and collaboration	Can ask basic questions about the availability of a product or feature.
A2	Communicative language activities	Online interaction	Goal-oriented online transactions and collaboration	Can respond to simple instructions and ask simple questions in order to accomplish a shared task online with the help of a supportive interlocutor.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Turntaking	Can ask for attention.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Co-operating	Can indicate when they are following.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Asking for clarification	Can indicate that they did not follow.
A2	Communicative language strategies		Asking for clarification	Can signal non-understanding and ask for a word/sign to be spelt out.
A2	Communicative language activities		Overall mediation	Can use simple words/signs to ask someone to explain something. Can recognise when difficulties occur and indicate in simple language the apparent nature of a problem. Can convey the main point(s) involved in short, simple conversations or texts on everyday subjects of immediate interest, provided these are expressed clearly in simple language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Relaying specific information in speech or sign	Can relay (in Language B) the point made in short, clear, simple messages, instructions and announcements, provided these are expressed slowly and clearly in simple language (in Language A).
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Relaying specific information in speech or sign	Can relay (in Language B) in a simple way a series of short, simple instructions, provided the original (in Language A) is clearly and slowly articulated.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Relaying specific information in writing	Can list (in Language B) the main points of short, clear, simple messages and announcements (given in Language A), provided they are clearly and slowly articulated.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Relaying specific information in writing	Can list (in Language B) specific information contained in simple texts (in Language A) on everyday subjects of immediate interest or need.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Explaining data in speech or sign	No descriptors available
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Explaining data in writing	No descriptors available
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Processing text in speech or sign	Can convey (in Language B) the main point(s) contained in clearly structured, short, simple texts (in Language A), supplementing their limited repertoire with other means (e.g. gestures, drawings, words/signs from other languages) in order to do so.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Processing text in writing	Can use simple language to convey (in Language B) the main point(s) contained in very short texts (in Language A) on familiar and everyday themes that contain the highest frequency vocabulary; despite errors, the text remains comprehensible.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Processing text in writing	Can copy out short texts in printed or clearly handwritten format.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Translating a written text in speech or sign	Can provide a simple, rough oral translation (into Language B) of short, simple texts (e.g. notices on familiar subjects) (written in Language A), capturing the most essential point.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Translating a written text in speech or sign	Can provide a simple, rough oral translation (into Language B) of routine information on familiar everyday subjects that is written in simple sentences (in Language A) (e.g. personal news, short narratives, directions, notices or instructions).
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Translating a written text in writing	Can use simple language to provide an approximate translation (from Language A into Language B) of very short texts on familiar and everyday themes that contain the highest frequency vocabulary; despite errors, the translation remains comprehensible.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Note-taking (lectures, seminars, meetings, etc.)	Can take simple notes at a presentation/demonstration where the subject matter is familiar and predictable and the presenter allows for clarification and note-taking.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Expressing a personal response to creative texts (including literature)	Can express their reactions to a work, reporting their feelings and ideas in simple language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Expressing a personal response to creative texts (including literature)	Can state in simple language which aspects of a work especially interested them.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Expressing a personal response to creative texts (including literature)	Can state whether they liked a work or not and explain why in simple language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating a text	Analysis and criticism of creative texts (including literature)	Can identify and briefly describe, in basic formulaic language, the key themes and characters in short, simple narratives involving familiar situations that contain only high frequency everyday language.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating concepts	Facilitating collaborative interaction with peers	Can collaborate in simple, practical tasks, asking what others think, making suggestions and understanding responses, provided they can ask for repetition or reformulation from time to time.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating concepts	Collaborating to construct meaning	Can make simple remarks and pose occasional questions to indicate that they are following.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating concepts	Collaborating to construct meaning	Can make suggestions in a simple way.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating concepts	Managing interaction	Can give very simple instructions to a co-operative group, given some help with formulation when necessary.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating concepts	Encouraging conceptual talk	Can ask what somebody thinks of a certain idea.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating communication	Facilitating pluricultural space	Can contribute to an intercultural exchange, using simple words/signs to ask people to explain things and to get clarification of what they say, while exploiting a limited repertoire to express agreement, to invite, to thank, etc.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating communication	Acting as an intermediary in informal situations (with friends and colleagues)	Can communicate (in Language B) the main point of what is said (in Language A) in predictable everyday situations, conveying back and forth information about personal wants and needs, provided other people help with formulation.
A2	Communicative language activities	Mediating communication	Facilitating communication in delicate situations and disagreements	Can recognise when people disagree or when difficulties occur in interaction and adapt memorised, simple phrases to seek compromise and agreement.
A2	Communicative language strategies	Strategies to explain a new concept	Linking to previous knowledge	No descriptors available
A2	Communicative language strategies	Strategies to explain a new concept	Adapting language	Can repeat the main point of a simple message on an everyday subject, using different formulation to help someone else understand it.
A2	Communicative language strategies	Strategies to explain a new concept	Breaking down complicated information	No descriptors available
A2	Communicative language strategies	Strategies to simplify a text	Amplifying a dense text	No descriptors available
A2	Communicative language strategies	Strategies to simplify a text	Streamlining a text	Can identify and mark (e.g. underline, highlight) the key sentences in a short everyday text.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Building on pluricultural repertoire	Can recognise and apply basic cultural conventions associated with everyday social exchanges (e.g. different greetings, rituals).
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Building on pluricultural repertoire	Can act appropriately in everyday greetings, farewells and expressions of thanks and apology, although they have difficulty coping with any departure from the routine.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Building on pluricultural repertoire	Can recognise that their behaviour in an everyday transaction may convey a message different from the one they intend, and can try to explain this simply.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Building on pluricultural repertoire	Can recognise when difficulties occur in interaction with members of other cultures, even though they may not be sure how to behave in the situation.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Plurilingual comprehension	Can understand short, clearly articulated announcements by piecing together what they understand from the available versions in different languages.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Plurilingual comprehension	Can understand short, clearly expressed messages and instructions by piecing together what they understand from the versions in different languages.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Plurilingual comprehension	Can use simple warnings, instructions and product information given in parallel in different languages to find relevant information.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Building on plurilingual repertoire	Can mobilise their limited repertoire in different languages in order to explain a problem or to ask for help or clarification.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Building on plurilingual repertoire	Can use simple words/signs and phrases from different languages in their plurilingual repertoire to conduct a simple, practical transaction or information exchange.
A2	Plurilingual and pluricultural competence		Building on plurilingual repertoire	Can use a simple word/sign from another language in their plurilingual repertoire to make themselves understood in a routine everyday situation, when they cannot think of an adequate expression in the language being used.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	General linguistic range	Can produce brief, everyday expressions in order to satisfy simple needs of a concrete type (e.g. personal details, daily routines, wants and needs, requests for information).
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	General linguistic range	Can use basic sentence patterns and communicate with memorised phrases, groups of a few words/signs and formulae about themselves and other people, what they do, places, possessions, etc.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	General linguistic range	Has a limited repertoire of short, memorised phrases covering predictable survival situations; frequent breakdowns and misunderstandings occur in non-routine situations.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Vocabulary range	Has sufficient vocabulary for the expression of basic communicative needs.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Vocabulary range	Has sufficient vocabulary for coping with simple survival needs.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Grammatical accuracy	Uses some simple structures correctly, but still systematically makes basic mistakes; nevertheless, it is usually clear what they are trying to say.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Vocabulary control	Can control a narrow repertoire dealing with concrete, everyday needs.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Overall phonological control	Pronunciation is generally clear enough to be understood, but conversational partners will need to ask for repetition from time to time. A strong influence from the other language(s) they speak on stress, rhythm and intonation may affect intelligibility, requiring collaboration from interlocutors. Nevertheless, pronunciation of familiar words is clear.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Sound articulation	Pronunciation is generally intelligible when communicating in simple everyday situations, provided the interlocutor makes an effort to understand specific sounds.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Sound articulation	Systematic mispronunciation of phonemes does not hinder intelligibility, provided the interlocutor makes an effort to recognise and adjust to the influence of the speaker’s language background on pronunciation.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Prosodic features	Can use the prosodic features of everyday words and phrases intelligibly, in spite of a strong influence on stress, intonation and/or rhythm from the other language(s) they speak.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Prosodic features	Prosodic features (e.g. word stress) are adequate for familiar everyday words and simple utterances.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Orthographic control	Can copy short sentences on everyday subjects, e.g. directions on how to get somewhere.
A2	Communicative language competences	Linguistic competence	Orthographic control	Can write with reasonable phonetic accuracy (but not necessarily fully standard spelling) short words that are in their oral vocabulary.
A2	Communicative language competences	Sociolinguistic competence	Sociolinguistic appropriateness	Can handle very short social exchanges, using everyday polite forms of greeting and address.
A2	Communicative language competences	Sociolinguistic competence	Sociolinguistic appropriateness	Can make and respond to invitations, suggestions, apologies, etc.
A2	Communicative language competences	Pragmatic competence	Flexibility	Can adapt well-rehearsed, memorised, simple phrases to particular circumstances through limited lexical substitution.
A2	Communicative language competences	Pragmatic competence	Flexibility	Can expand learnt phrases through simple recombinations of their elements.
A2	Communicative language competences	Pragmatic competence	Turntaking	Can ask for attention.
A2	Communicative language competences	Pragmatic competence	Thematic development	No descriptors available
A2	Communicative language competences	Pragmatic competence	Coherence and cohesion	Can link groups of words/signs with simple connectors (e.g. “and”, “but” and “because”).
A2	Communicative language competences	Pragmatic competence	Propositional precision	Can communicate what they want to say in a simple and direct exchange of limited information on familiar and routine matters, but in other situations they generally have to compromise the message.
A2	Communicative language competences	Pragmatic competence	Fluency	Can construct phrases on familiar topics with sufficient ease to handle short exchanges, despite very noticeable hesitation and false starts.